1. CML
2. t 9:22 translocation (philadelphia chromosome)
3. Giemsa stain
2. types are giant , intracanlicular n pericanalicular
1. Diabetic ketoacidosis
2. metabolic acidosis
3. clinical : polyuria n polyphagia
metabolic : hyperglycemia n ketoacidosis
1. >3.5g/day in nephrotic
2. Proteinuria, lipiduria,, hyperlipidemia, hypoalbuminemia
3. low but not as low as in nephrotic syndrome
1- hodgkin's lymphoma
2 Reed Sternberg cells
3- Reactive T lymphocytes .
1- Megaloblastic Anaemia
2- B12 & Folic Acid
3- serum B12 & serum Folic Acid & marrow exam
1) Giant cell arteritis
2) nodular intimal thickening n fragmentation of internal elastic lamina
3) blindness
1.cholestatic jaundice
2.very high ALP
3.ALT, AST, LDH
4.Albumin
1. Clear cell carcinoma
2. Papillary carcinoma, chromophobe carcinoma
3. chromophobe carcinoma
1. endometrial carcinoma
2. simple without atypia. simple with atypia, complex without atypia, complex wid atypia
3. PTEN tumor suppressor gene
1. Leiomyoma
2. whorls of smooth muscle cells, cigar shaped nuclei
3. Irregular menses, abortions
1. bronchioalveolar carcinoma
2. lepidic growth which grows along pre existing structures without distorting the alveoli
3. muscle weakness due to antibodies against neuronal calcium channels
1. bullous emphysema
2. centriacina, panacinar, distal acinar, irregular
3. right heart failure due to pulmonary HTN caused by any lung disease of the parenchyma or the vasculature
1. invasive lobular carcinoma
2. indian file pattern
3. contralateral breast involvement
1. Acute MI in diabetic
2. elevated CK MB, LDH, CPK and glucose
3. troponin t
1. Diabetic ketoacidosis
2. i) acidosis drives potassium out of cell, ii) lack of insulin prevents potassium entry into cells
1. Hashimoto thyroiditis
2. Autoantibodies against TSH, antithyroid antibodies, antiboidies agaist thyroglobulin
1. Post-streptococcal acute glomerulonephritis
2. Resolves spontaneously
3. discrete coarsely Granular deposits of complement protien c3, igG in GBM and mesangium (correspond to humps in Electron microscope)
3. formalin
2. metabolic acidosis
3. clinical : polyuria n polyphagia
metabolic : hyperglycemia n ketoacidosis
2. Proteinuria, lipiduria,, hyperlipidemia, hypoalbuminemia
3. low but not as low as in nephrotic syndrome
2 Reed Sternberg cells
3- Reactive T lymphocytes .
2- B12 & Folic Acid
3- serum B12 & serum Folic Acid & marrow exam
2) nodular intimal thickening n fragmentation of internal elastic lamina
3) blindness
2.very high ALP
3.ALT, AST, LDH
4.Albumin
1. proliferation of mesingium, epithelial cells and infiltration with neutrophils...
2. Streptococcus with M protein
3. INCREASED ASO TITER, rbc cast in urine
2. Streptococcus with M protein
3. INCREASED ASO TITER, rbc cast in urine
2. Papillary carcinoma, chromophobe carcinoma
3. chromophobe carcinoma
2. simple without atypia. simple with atypia, complex without atypia, complex wid atypia
3. PTEN tumor suppressor gene
2. whorls of smooth muscle cells, cigar shaped nuclei
3. Irregular menses, abortions
2. lepidic growth which grows along pre existing structures without distorting the alveoli
3. muscle weakness due to antibodies against neuronal calcium channels
2. centriacina, panacinar, distal acinar, irregular
3. right heart failure due to pulmonary HTN caused by any lung disease of the parenchyma or the vasculature
2. indian file pattern
3. contralateral breast involvement
2. elevated CK MB, LDH, CPK and glucose
3. troponin t
2. i) acidosis drives potassium out of cell, ii) lack of insulin prevents potassium entry into cells
2. Autoantibodies against TSH, antithyroid antibodies, antiboidies agaist thyroglobulin
2. Resolves spontaneously
3. discrete coarsely Granular deposits of complement protien c3, igG in GBM and mesangium (correspond to humps in Electron microscope)
3 COMMENTS:
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Hodgkin lymphoma arises from B cells
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