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1st Year Mbbs (All Stuff)

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1st Year MBBS 3D Video Atlas/Lectures for Anatomy


1st Year MBBS Dissection Tutorials


2nd Year MBBS (All Stuff)

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                                  Anatomy                                 





2nd Year MBBS 3D Video Atlas/Lectures for Anatomy



                                     Physiology                              






You can also contribute to this site by emailing at: aeymon[at]live[dot]com

3rd Year MBBS Microbiology Slides & Tests

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Blood Agar


 Chocolate Agar


Nutrient Agar


RBCs in Urine


Hyphae

Slide of Stool


Gram positive Cocci


Mycobacerium Tuberculsis (Ziehl-Neilsen stain)
Ziehl Neelson Staining:
1. Cover with tissue paper
2. Flood slide with carbolfuchsin, the primary stain, for 2 minutes while heating with steam.
3. Remove paper cover, decolorize slide with a mixture of hydrochloric acid and ethanol.
4. Counter stain with methylene blue.





Urease Test:
Indicator --- Phenol Red
Urease producing org. will convert urea in test tube to ammonia, pH becomes alkaline, the indicator becomes red.
Urease +ve --- Red --- H.pylori, Proteus, Klebsiella, Yersinia, Enterocolitica
Urease -ve --- Yellow --- Salmonella, Shigella.



Triple Sugar Iron:
contains Ferous Sulfate, 3 sugars(glucose, lactose, sucrose) (glucose in 1 tenth the conc. Of other sugars)
Butt – poorly oxygenated area
Slant – inclined well oxygenated area
In the presence of (A)cid the indicator will turn --- yellow (sugar fermented acid produced)
in the prescense ofAl(K)aline the indicator will remain --- pink
if lactose is not fermented but the glucose is... butt will be yellow(no O2) but on slant the acid will be oxidised so it will be red.
H2S production--- black
Interpretation
(slant/deep/gas/H2S) (organisms)
A A + - Klebsiella, Enterobacter, E.Coli
K A - - Shigella, Serratia
K A + + Salmonella, Proteus
K K - - Pseudomonas
A A - - Vibrio
A A + + Citrobacter
K A - + S. typhi




Oxidase Test:
It is used to differentiate aerobic n facultative aerobes from anaerobes based on the formers oxygen utilization ability n the presence of oxidase enzyme.
Phenylene diamine dihydrochloride(subd. 4 oxidase) acts as an electron receptor and gets oxidized to produce purple or black colour.
Oxidase +ve --- Purple --- P.aeru, vibrio, nisseria, brucella n pasturella
Oxidase -ve --- E.coli, salmonella, shigella
Specimen/Slide --- filter paper showing purple colour.




Motility Test:
semisolid agar --- 0.4% conc. Of agar is used
medium is made in an upright position
a straight wire is used to innoculate at centre of medium
Interpretation
motile org. produce haze --- E.coli n Salmonella, Proteus
non motile org. produce discrete line --- Klebsiella, Shigella




DNAse test:
is used to identify S.Aureus that produces deoxyribonuclease enzymes
Contains
Dnase
NaCl
Agar
+ve is seen as a clearing around the colonies



Citrate Test:
differentiates family of enterobacter based on their utilization of citrate as a source of carbon.
Contents :
Sodium Citrate --- Source of carbon
Ammonium Phosphate --- source of nitrogen
org. that extract carbon also extract nitrogen, turn medium alkaline
Indicator --- Bromothymol Blue (blue at alkaline pH, green at acidic)
Simmons Citrate agar is used 4 culture, slope of medium streaked, incubated at 37 deg 4 24 hrs.
Interpretation
Citrate Test +ve --- Blue --- Citrobacter, Klebseilla, Salmonella
Citrate Test -ve --- Green --- E.Coli

3rd Year MBBS (All Stuff)

Select or Click any of the Following:-
FORENSIC & TOXICOLOGY
PHARMACOLOGY

For Viva and Ospe Question please go to Special Discussion page and then select your subject!!

This is all the stuff i have for 3rd year.... If you have anyhting else please feel free to email me: aeymon[at]live[dot]com (replace [at] with "@" and [dot] with ".")

3RD Year MBBS Pathology Slides & Models (General Pathology)

SPECIAL THANKS to DR. SADIA GHAFFAR for contibuting some pathology slides here.
May Allah Bless her. Ameen!
You can also contribute any help stuff by contacting me directly or by mailing me at aeymon[at]live[dot]com.

 Both these are Lieomyoma



 Lipoma


 Ventricular hypertrophy


Anthracosis of Lung



 Appendicitis


 Congested Intestinal Loop


 Lung metastasis
(Thanks to Anonymous' comment)


 Granuloma


 Granuloma


Metastasis
(Thanks to anonymous' comment)


 Acute Inflamation


 Acute Inflamation


 Lipoma


Coronary Artery thrombus
(Thanks to anonymous' comment)


 Edema & Consolidation of Lung
(thanx to Anum's comment)



Appendicitis
(Thanks to anonymous' comment)




Metastatic Calcification


Thrombosis


Transitional Cell Carcinoma



Prostatic Hyperplasia


Liposarcoma



Thrombosis


Pigmentation


Papilloma


Lipoma


Leiomyoma


Infarction


Hemangioma

Fatty Change


Chronic Venous Congestion


Chronic Inflamation


Chronic Granulomatous Inflamation


Casseous Necrosis


Calcification


Basal Cell Carcinoma


Acute Inflamation